What are leg ulcers?
Leg ulcers are open sores or wounds which appear on the leg, typically the lower leg or the ankle area. They vary in size, depth and often take a long time to heal. Without proper treatment, they can persist for many years and lead to more serious complications. Often a symptom of an underlying condition affecting the blood circulating in the legs.
Types of leg ulcers include:
- Venous- which are common due to poor circulation where the veins fail to return blood back to the heart effectively leading to increased pressure in the veins.
- Arterial- caused by poor circulation due to blocked arteries which can prevent oxygen rich blood from reaching the tissues of the leg, leading to tissue death.
- Diabetic- due to a combination of poor circulation and nerve damage in the feet which causes wounds and injuries which do not heal.
- Pressure– also known as bedsores which are caused by constant pressure on one area of the skin, restricting blood flow to the tissues.
How are leg ulcers affected in the Hyperbaric Oxygen chamber?
Increased oxygen levels– the increase in the oxygen delivered to tissues helps to enhance wound healing.
Enhanced wound healing– promotion of wound healing with stimulation in for the formation of new blood blood vessels and collagen which are essential for tissue repair.
References:
Zamboni, W. A., Wong, H. P., Stephenson, L. L., Pfeifer, M. A., & Sarazine, M. G. (1997). Evaluation of hyperbaric oxygen for diabetic wounds: a prospective study. The Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing, 24(4), 197-201. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9217687/
Kranke, P., Bennett, M., Roeckl-Wiedmann, I., & Debus, S. (2004). Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for chronic wounds. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2004(2), CD004123. https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004123.pub2/full
Tibbles, P. M., & Edelsberg, J. S. (1996). Hyperbaric-oxygen therapy. The New England Journal of Medicine, 334(25), 1642-1648. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199606203342507
Abidia, A., Laden, G., Kuhan, G., Johnson, B. F., Wilkinson, A. R., Renwick, P. M., Masson, E. A., McCollum, P. T., & McCollum, C. N. (2003). The role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in ischaemic diabetic lower extremity ulcers: a double-blind randomised-controlled trial. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 25(6), 513-518. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12787677/
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